Abstract: during the age of 0-6, if children can’t see objects clearly because of strabismus, hyperopia, myopia, astigmatism or congenital cataract, their visual function will stop developing, resulting in low vision, amblyopia, loss of stereo vision and even blindness, which will affect their future life, study and work., Eyes are the windows of our hearts. We should learn to cherish our eyes. In order to have a pair of bright eyes, prevent myopia, start small and develop good eye habits. 0-6 years old is the key period of children’s visual development. Eye diseases in childhood do great harm to vision development. Eye development at this stage has a decisive impact on children’s life. Lin Mei, a physician in the children’s Health Department of Jiangmen maternal and child health hospital, pointed out that if children can’t see clearly objects due to strabismus, hyperopia, myopia, astigmatism or congenital cataract during the age of 0-6, their visual function will stop developing, resulting in low vision, amblyopia, loss of stereo vision, and even blindness, which will affect their future life, study and work., A what is normal visual development? It is reported that after the baby is born, the visual function will continue to improve with the continuous growth of months and age. The rapid development of children’s visual function is before the age of 3; 3-13 years old is the slow development period of visual function. During this period, the changes of visual acuity show a certain regularity., Generally speaking, the visual acuity of 2 years old is 0. 5-0。 6； The visual acuity of 3 years old is 0. 7； 4 years old, vision 0. 8； 5 years old, vision 1. 0 (basically reaching normal vision); visual development is nearly completed at the age of 6. 1. 2. “During the age of 0-6, the most common eye diseases in children are congenital ptosis, congenital glaucoma, lacrimal duct obstruction, eye trauma, ametropia, etc.” Lin Mei said that because children can’t tell what’s wrong with them, if they want to find their children’s eye diseases early and achieve early prevention and treatment, parents must carefully observe their children’s eye development. Generally, they can observe from the following points: eyelid and eyeball shape: whether the eyelid is defective, whether the activity is normal, and whether the eyeball is full. The main morphological abnormalities were blepharoptosis, microphthalmos, bighorn membrane, congenital glaucoma and so on., Red eyes: commonly known as “red eyes”, it may be conjunctivitis, keratitis Iritis or subconjunctival hemorrhage (manifested as patchy red bleeding areas),
Eyes are the windows of our hearts. We should learn to cherish our eyes. In order to have a pair of bright eyes, prevent myopia, start small and develop good eye habits. 0-6 years old is the key period of children’s visual development. Eye diseases in childhood do great harm to vision development. Eye development at this stage has a decisive impact on children’s life. Lin Mei, a physician in the child health department of Jiangmen maternal and child health hospital, pointed out that if children can’t see clearly objects due to strabismus, hyperopia, myopia, astigmatism or congenital cataract during the age of 0-6, their visual function will stop developing, resulting in low vision, amblyopia, loss of stereovision, or even blindness, which will affect their future life, study and work.
a what is normal visual development
it is reported that after the baby is born, the visual function will continue to improve with the continuous growth of month and age. The rapid development of children’s visual function is before the age of 3; 3-13 years old is the slow development period of visual function. During this period, the changes of visual acuity show a certain regularity.
generally speaking, the vision at the age of 2 is 0. 5-0。 6； The visual acuity of 3 years old is 0. 7； 4 years old, vision 0. 8； 5 years old, vision 1.
“during the age of 0-6, the most common eye diseases in children are congenital ptosis, congenital glaucoma, lacrimal duct obstruction, eye trauma, ametropia, etc.” Lin Mei said that because children can’t tell what’s wrong with them, if they want to find their children’s eye diseases early and achieve early prevention and treatment, parents must carefully observe their children’s eye development. Generally, they can observe from the following points:
eyelid and eyeball morphology: whether the eyelids are defective, whether the activities are normal and whether the eyeballs are full. The main morphological abnormalities were blepharoptosis, microphthalmos, bighorn membrane, congenital glaucoma and so on.
red eyes: commonly known as “red eyes”, which may be conjunctivitis, keratitis Iritis or subconjunctival hemorrhage (manifested as patchy red bleeding area).
increased excrement (secretion): it can be caused by conjunctivitis, congenital dacryocystitis, etc.
fear of light: it may be caused by keratitis, iritis, congenital glaucoma, intermittent exotropia, albinism, etc.
Incorrect position of both eyes: it may be caused by internal inclination, external inclination, etc.
white pupil syndrome (yellow and white reflection in the center of black eyes): it is common in congenital cataract, retinoblastoma, posterior lens fibroplasia, outer permeable retinopathy, choroidal tuberculosis, etc.
“In addition, the child’s gaze function begins to appear three months after birth. If he can’t look at the object in front of him or the eye can’t follow the light, it indicates that his vision may be poor. When covering one eye, there is no response, but covering the other eye, the child cries, suggesting that he may have monocular vision impairment.” Lin Mei said that others like to squint at things. For example, they often squint or get close when watching TV and reading, which suggests that children may suffer from myopia, hyperopia or astigmatism, and ocular torticollis. Parents should pay attention to it and take their children to the hospital for examination.
B children should have regular visual examination.
Lin Mei stressed that children’s visual examination is very important. “Generally speaking, if children of all ages can’t reach the vision of their corresponding age, they should go to the hospital for examination, mainly mydriatic optometry.”
so why do you have to dilate your pupils before optometry? Lin Mei explained that it is because children’s eyes have strong adjustment ability. Affected by it, there is a great difference between the results of small pupil optometry and the results of optometry after dilating the pupil with medicine, so children should dilate the pupil first. In this way, the ciliary muscle in the eye can be completely relaxed and the eye regulation can be eliminated to the greatest extent, so as to understand the real refractive state and test the more accurate refractive power。
C preschool children’s eye health care focuses on the prevention of eye trauma.
Lin Mei said that preschool children’s eye health care is mainly to develop good health habits and pay attention to the prevention of eye trauma. In addition, if amblyopia has appeared, it should be treated as soon as possible, of which 3-6 years old is the best period for treatment.
● develop good hygiene habits.
and
should read correctly, The distance should be appropriate (30-33cm away from the target), the time should be reasonable (take a rest of 5-10 minutes every 30-45 minutes for close learning), and pay attention to rest (sit quietly with your eyes closed, look into the distance or outdoor activities).
The light should be appropriate. Outdoor at noon, the sun is generally strong, so it is not suitable to read. In addition, it is not suitable to read in the evening and cloudy days. You should read in sufficient light. If you can do eye exercises, you should stick to it twice a day.
● 3-6 years old is the sensitive period of children’s visual function development, and it is also the best period for amblyopia treatment.
for the treatment of amblyopia, the younger the age, the better the curative effect. The treatment effect of amblyopia after the age of 8 is poor, and it is basically ineffective at the age of 10, so it should be found and treated early.
it is reported that the treatment of amblyopia is comprehensive treatment. Because amblyopia is often accompanied by ametropia, mydriasis optometry must be performed during examination. After accurately checking the actual diopter, prepare appropriate glasses. On the basis of wearing glasses to correct ametropia, amblyopia treatment is carried out at the same time. Through Heidinger’s brush, red filter method and grating therapy, clear objects can repeatedly stimulate the retinal fixation center, improve visual sensitivity and improve visual acuity.
during treatment, children must wear glasses without interruption. As long as you keep wearing glasses, your eyesight will gradually improve. As children with amblyopia are in the development stage, the diopter of both eyes also changes with the growth of age, so a pair of glasses can not be worn without changing. They should be mydriatic optometry again every half a year, and whether to replace glasses or not is determined according to the change of diopter each time.
● prevent eye trauma.
ocular trauma is most common in school-age children. There are many reasons for children’s eye injury: 1-3-year-old children stagger because they just learn to walk, easy to fall, hit the edges and corners of tables and chairs and bumps on the ground and hurt their eyes; Children after the age of 3 are lively, curious and like to play all kinds of games. At this time, stabbing and contusion caused by toys are the most common; Older children tend to be injured by playing with fireworks and firecrackers; In addition, when children are exposed to chemicals such as lime, cement and alcohol, they are easy to enter their eyes by mistake and cause chemical burns.
“the visual damage caused by ocular trauma in children is extremely serious, so emergency treatment is very important.” Lin Mei said that when a child has an accidental eye injury, parents should not panic. They must be calm. They can give appropriate initial first aid immediately according to the injury, and quickly send them to the hospital for treatment by an ophthalmologist. The following are common first aid methods:
when contacting with lime, cement, alcohol and other chemicals, remove the chemicals splashed into the eyes as soon as possible, wash the eyes repeatedly with a large amount of water at the scene of injury, or immerse the face in water to dilute or remove the chemicals splashed into the eyes. When the eyes of
and
are hit by blunt objects and local swelling and pain occur, if there is no wound with open skin, cold compress with towel can be used to reduce swelling and pain.
if a foreign body flies into your eyes, do not rub your eyes, close your eyes gently or blink slightly, so that the superficial foreign body flows out with tears.