Abstract: a very important premise for normal people to see things clearly is that the target they want to see must be clearly presented at a specific position of the fundus (retina). This process is realized through the refractive system of the human eye (composed of cornea, lens, etc.). The parents asked, “can my child’s myopia be corrected?”, The doctor replied, “yes!”, The parents asked, “then my child’s myopia can be cured?”, The doctor replied, “no!”, Parents:???, The above dialogue has been repeated countless times in the clinic. The key problem is that there is a deviation in everyone’s understanding of “correction”. The vast majority of patients and their families believe that correction is the cure. In terms of ametropia (including myopia and hyperopia), what is the real meaning of “correction”? To answer this question, we must first clarify what is “ametropia”? A very important premise for normal people to see things clearly is that the target must be clearly presented in the fundus of the eye At a specific position (retina), this process is realized through the refractive system of the human eye (composed of cornea, lens, etc.). If the refractive system can accurately present the image of the target object on the fundus, it is called “emmetropia”, otherwise it is called “ametropia”. If the refractive system can only present a clear image at a certain position in front of the fundus (the image reaching the fundus becomes blurred due to defocus), which is called “myopic” ametropia; on the contrary, if the image of the target object is in a blurred state before reaching the fundus, and the clear image can only appear at a “hypothetical” position behind the fundus, it is called “hyperopia” ametropia.
parents asked: “Can my child’s myopia be corrected?”
the doctor replied, “yes!”
the parents asked again, “then can my child’s myopia be cured?”
the doctor replied, “no!”
parents:??? The above dialogue of
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has been repeated countless times in the clinic. The key to the problem is that there is a deviation in everyone’s understanding of “correction”. The vast majority of patients and their families believe that correction is the cure. So what is the real meaning of “correction” in terms of ametropia (including myopia and hyperopia)?
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to answer this question, we must first clarify what is “ametropia”?
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normal people can see things clearly. A very important premise is that the target must be clearly presented in the fundus of the eye At a specific position (retina), this process is realized through the refractive system of the human eye (composed of cornea, lens, etc.). If the refractive system can accurately present the image of the target object on the fundus, it is called “emmetropia”, otherwise it is called “ametropia”. If the refractive system can only present a clear image at a certain position in front of the fundus (the image reaching the fundus becomes blurred due to defocus), which is called “myopic” ametropia; on the contrary, if the image of the target object is not focused and is in a blurred state before reaching the fundus, and the clear image can only appear at a “hypothetical” position behind the fundus, it is called “hyperopia” ametropia.
Refractive correction is to adjust and move the above clear image that cannot be accurately presented on the fundus to a specific position of the fundus through some means, so that the ametropic can obtain clear vision. This “correction” is the correction of the focusing state of the eye refractive system, Instead of changing the original structural characteristics of the refractive system itself (such as eye size, corneal and lens optical parameters, etc.). For example, a short person can change his external height state after wearing high heels, but can not change his body structural characteristics.
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usually have two types of refractive correction methods: one is wearing glasses (including frame glasses and contact lenses), the other is refractive surgery.
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refractive surgery are divided into corneal surgery and lens surgery. The essence of the former is to carve a pair of corrective lenses with fixed degree on the qualified cornea through high-tech means, which do not need to be removed. The essence of the latter is to remove the inappropriate focusing lenses by operation (lens) / replace the appropriate focusing lens (replace the intraocular lens) / add the supplementary focusing lens (supplement the intraocular lens). The above operation can only improve the focusing state of the eyes of ametropic patients, but can not change the essential characteristics of the eyeball, just as rhinoplasty can improve the appearance of the nose, but can not change the internal characteristics of people with short nose.
Limited to people’s understanding and the current situation of basic and clinical research, the treatment of ametropia is still limited to correction, and there is no really effective treatment, let alone fundamentally cure myopia and hyperopia. Some “treatments” (including instruments, drugs, etc.) are not only impossible to be effective, but even counterproductive!
but for developing children, with appropriate corrective measures, visual function can be promoted (including vision, stereopsis, etc.) can effectively avoid the occurrence of amblyopia, stereoblindness and other abnormal phenomena. At the same time, through appropriate correction means, scientific eye care can provide a loose and comfortable benign environment for the structural development of the eyes, and avoid and block the fuelling effect of adverse external factors on the deepening of ametropia.