Abstract: epidemiological studies of eye diseases in recent years have confirmed that, Fundus diseases caused by high myopia (such as retinal atrophy and retinal detachment) have replaced glaucoma as the first irreversible blinding eye disease in China! According to the white paper national visual health released in June 2016, myopia has become a “national disease” in China , the proportion of myopia among people over 5 years old in China is 35.16% to 39.21%, of which the proportion of high myopia is between 2.33% and 2.47%, that is, 35-39 people in every 100 people are myopia, of which 2 people in more than 30 people suffer from high myopia. At present, the total population suffering from high myopia in China is as high as 29 million to 30.4 million., In recent years, epidemiological studies of eye diseases have confirmed that, Fundus lesions caused by high myopia (such as retinal atrophy and retinal detachment) has replaced glaucoma as the first irreversible blinding eye disease in China! High myopia is not far away from us. How can we keep a safe distance from high myopia? Today, Xiaobian will give you the knowledge of high myopia. What is high myopia? Generally, the degree of myopia is more than 600 degrees Is high myopia;, It is also defined as high myopia if the equivalent spherical mirror exceeds 800 degrees., The harm of high myopia,
the white paper on national visual health released in June 2016 shows that myopia has become a “national disease” in China. The proportion of myopia among people over 5 years old in China is 35.16% to 39.21%, of which the proportion of high myopia is between 2.33% and 2.47%, that is, 35-39 people in every 100 people are myopia, Among them, 2 of more than 30 people suffer from high myopia. At present, the total population with high myopia in China is as high as 29 million to 30.4 million.
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have been confirmed by epidemiological studies of eye diseases in recent years, Fundus diseases caused by high myopia (such as retinal atrophy and retinal detachment) have replaced glaucoma as the first irreversible blinding eye disease in China!
high myopia is not far from us. How can we keep a safe distance from high myopia?
today’s Xiaobian will give you the knowledge of high myopia.
What is high myopia?
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generally regard myopia of more than 600 degrees as high myopia;
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also define high myopia when the equivalent spherical mirror exceeds 800 degrees.
the harm of high myopia
because the degree of myopia increases by 300 degrees on average, the length of the anterior posterior diameter of the eyeball will increase by about 1mm. Therefore, as the degree increases, the eyeball will become longer and longer, making the eyeball wall thinner and thinner. Accordingly, the choroid and retina will become thinner, so the risk of blindness eye diseases such as retinal detachment, maculopathy and glaucoma will be greatly increased:
1. Retinal detachment
, which is a complication that can completely lose vision. Due to the poor visual acuity of the people with high myopia, it is difficult to find the early stage of net detachment and often delay the wrong treatment. In addition, once this kind of eye disease occurs, it often occurs successively in both eyes within a few years, resulting in blindness. Therefore, great attention should be paid to regular and comprehensive eye examination, so as to find the early changes such as lattice degeneration and abnormal vitreous adhesion as soon as possible.
2. Vitreous liquefaction and posterior detachment
often show dark shadows in front of eyes. When the dark shadow increases or there is a sudden sense of flash, the fundus should be checked in time in order to find holes, retinal detachment or fundus hemorrhage at an early stage.
3. Open angle glaucoma
this is an irreversible eye disease with slow progressive vision loss. Because the changes of high myopia are large optic disc, light color, thin blood vessels and poor vision, the existence of glaucoma is often ignored. Such patients should regularly take intraocular pressure measurement, visual field examination, etc., and take anti glaucoma drugs.
4. Macular degeneration
high myopia has a long ocular axis and a “scleral staphyloma” at the posterior pole of the eyeball, which thins the tissue of each layer of the ball wall, neovascularization, hemorrhage, macular cyst or hole in the macular area, serious structural disorder and seriously affects the central vision.
misunderstanding of high myopia: is it possible that high myopia will lead to blindness?
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are not. Here we want to distinguish between ordinary high myopia and pathological myopia.
ordinary high myopia, That is, although your myopia degree exceeds 600 degrees (or the equivalent spherical lens exceeds 800 degrees), your current degree has basically stabilized and will not continue to deepen every year. Your corrected vision can reach 1.0, and there is no obvious difference from normal people from the fundus.
Pathological myopia means that after the age of 25, the degree of myopia is still developing, and the eyeball will be longer and longer. Therefore, from the fundus of the eye, the retina becomes thinner, other diseases may occur, the corrected vision also decreases, and finally blindness may occur. The fundus retina and choroid of patients with pathological myopia are significantly thinner, the atrophy arc around the optic disc is obvious, there are lesions in the macular area, and the blood vessels become very thin.
: can high myopia be inherited?
ordinary myopia will not, high myopia will be inherited.
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■ the incidence of children with two high myopia is more than 90%.
■ if high myopia is combined with myopia gene carriers, half of their children may be high myopia.
■ if high myopia is combined with normal people or low and medium myopia, the possibility of high myopia in their children is 10%.
: can patients with high myopia exercise violently?
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are actually OK for ordinary patients with high myopia, because from the fundus, they are not different from normal people. There is no need to over correct them. Just live and exercise like ordinary people. Of course, vigorous sports such as diving, bungee jumping and boxing, which will greatly increase the risk of retinal detachment for ordinary people, are not recommended.
however, patients with pathological myopia have a lot to pay attention to. Diving, bungee jumping, boxing