Abstract: it is to relax and adjust the ciliary muscle with ciliary muscle paralysis drugs, so as to make the eye in a static refractive state, and then check the visual acuity and optometry. Use 1% atropine eye drops 1 ~ 2 times a day for 3 ~ 4 days; Or 2% post atropine or 0.5% atropine amide once every 5 ~ 15 minutes, a total of 6 times., How to distinguish true and false myopia in children? Both true and false myopia showed decreased far vision and good near vision. Pseudomyopia is functional, mostly in adolescents. Vision can decline in a few weeks or 1 ~ 2 months, and can recover to some extent after appropriate rest. True myopia is an organic change and cannot recover naturally. There are three methods for differential diagnosis: (1) ciliary muscle paralysis: relax and adjust the ciliary muscle with ciliary muscle paralysis drugs to make the eye in a static refractive state, and then check the visual acuity and optometry. Use 1% atropine eye drops 1 ~ 2 times a day for 3 ~ 4 days; Or 2% post atropine or 0.5% atropine amide once every 5 ~ 15 minutes, a total of 6 times. Check the naked visual acuity under the eyelet microscope before and after dribbling. If the visual acuity remains true myopia after mydriasis, the visual acuity increases to false myopia; The diopter with myopia is true, and the diopter without myopia is false. This is recognized as the most reliable method of differential diagnosis. (2) cloud method: let the patient wear + 3.0d spherical lens at the same time, look at the distant object for 3 minutes, then remove the right lens, and immediately check the naked eye vision. Those with improved vision are false, and those without improved vision are true; Then check the left eye with the same method. This method is not very accurate. (3) dynamic examination without mydriasis: ① check the far and near naked visual acuity of both eyes first. Eye diseases with poor far vision, normal near vision and no other eye diseases affecting vision shall be identified. ② the doctor and the patient sit face to face in the dark room. ③ the patient shall wear a test frame and put + 2.25d ball glasses in both left and right eyes. ④ the patient’s eyes are fixed on the visual mark on the ophthalmoscope at the same time (No. 5 words or words with few strokes such as large, small, upper and lower are pasted on the side of the reflector and illuminated with slit light near the ophthalmoscope); ⑤ perform in-situ dynamic examination at a distance of 33cm. (4) result judgment: ① true myopia is caused by reverse movement in each radial direction of the affected eye; ② forward movement or immobility in each radial direction, or forward movement in one radial direction and immobility in the other radial direction is emmetropia or hyperopia. Because its performance is myopia, it is pseudomyopia; ③ mixed astigmatism refers to reverse movement in one radial direction and forward movement or immobility in the other radial direction.