Abstract: the abnormal nutritional metabolism in myopia changes the capsular permeability of the lens, and the lens is gradually turbid due to nutritional and metabolic disorders. The visual acuity is gradually reduced, resulting in complicated cataract. This cataract develops slowly, mainly with core opacity and posterior capsular opacity., 1. Strabismus and amblyopia. Myopia can cause exotropia or exotropia. If the difference between the myopia degrees of both eyes is greater than 300 degrees, it is easy to cause deep exotropia and amblyopia., 2. Retinal detachment is the most common complication of myopia. Due to axial elongation and intraocular dystrophy in myopia, cystic degeneration and lattice degeneration often occur around the retina. The retina in the degenerative area is very thin and prone to perforation. Some have been perforated and formed in sexual holes. In addition, vitreous liquefaction and increased mobility lead to retinal detachment. 70% of retinal detachment is myopia., 3. Cataracts: the nutritional metabolism in myopia is abnormal, which changes the capsule permeability of the lens, gradually produces turbidity due to nutritional disorders and metabolic disorders of the lens, and gradually reduces vision, resulting in concurrent cataract. This cataract develops slowly, mainly with core opacity and posterior capsular opacity., 4. The vitreous is liquefied and denatured, and the vitreous is colorless and transparent jelly. When the eyeball of myopia increases, the vitreous body will not increase again, so the vitreous body can not fill all the space in the eye, resulting in liquefaction, increased mobility and turbidity, causing dark shadow in front of the eyes and inducing retinal detachment.,
1. Strabismus and amblyopia
myopia can cause exotropia or exophoria. If the difference of myopia degree between two eyes is greater than 300 degrees, it is easy to cause exotropia and amblyopia with deep degree.
2. Retinal detachment
are the most common complications of myopia. Due to axial elongation and intraocular dystrophy in myopia, cystic degeneration and lattice degeneration often occur around the retina. The retina in the degenerative area is very thin and prone to perforation. Some have been perforated and formed in sexual holes. In addition, vitreous liquefaction and increased mobility lead to retinal detachment. In retinal detachment, 70% are myopia.
3. Cataract
myopia has abnormal intraocular nutrition metabolism, which changes the capsular permeability of the lens, gradually produces turbidity due to lens dystrophy and metabolic disorder, and gradually reduces vision, resulting in concurrent cataract. This kind of cataract develops slowly, mainly core opacity and posterior capsule opacity.
4. Vitreous liquefaction and degeneration
the vitreous is colorless and transparent jelly. When the eyeball of myopia increases, the vitreous body will not increase again, so the vitreous body can not fill all the space in the eye, resulting in liquefaction, increased mobility and turbidity, causing dark shadow in front of the eyes and inducing retinal detachment.
5. The filter curtain structure at the atrial angle of glaucoma
myopia is abnormal, so the outflow resistance of aqueous humor is large, which is easy to cause the increase of intraocular pressure. According to statistics, 30% of high myopia have glaucoma, which will cause the gradual loss of vision.
6. Macular hemorrhage and macular degeneration
myopia has poor eye blood supply and retinal ischemia. The retina produces a kind of neovascular growth factor. These factors make the subretinal neovascularization grow. These neovascular walls are very thin and easy to rupture and bleed. After bleeding, macular hemorrhage is formed. After the bleeding is absorbed, the new blood vessels can rupture and bleed again. After multiple bleeding, short marks are formed locally, causing macular degeneration, which permanently damages vision.