Abstract: in the growth process, the incidence of myopia affected by the environment far exceeds the possible incidence according to various refractive components. Therefore, environmental factors are a clinical topic worthy of study. Education is the most important environmental factor, and there is a significant correlation between close work and myopia., The refractive state of the eye depends on the axial length of the eye and the relationship between the refractive powers in the refractive system. The components that determine the refractive power of the eye include cornea, anterior and posterior aqueous humor, lens and vitreous body. However, the following three factors have an important impact on ametropia., Genetic factors, it is generally believed that hyperopia is mainly due to genetic or genetic reasons, and the proportion of external environmental factors is very small. Heredity plays a very important role in the development of myopia. However, whether it is dominant inheritance or invisible inheritance, single gene inheritance, haihuasi polygenic inheritance, whether it affects a single refractive component or the interaction of various refractive components, and the exact mechanism is still being explored. Human eye heredity has the following characteristics: 1. Different refractive states have different heredity: for example, the heredity of hyperopia and astigmatism is obvious, while the formation and development of myopia are affected by many factors; 2. Each part of human eye has different heritability: the heritability of axial length, corneal curvature and posterior surface curvature of lens is large, but the thickness and anterior surface curvature of lens have little relationship with heredity., Environmental factors, in the growth process, the incidence of myopia affected by the environment far exceeds the possible incidence according to various refractive components. Therefore, environmental factors are a clinical topic worthy of study. Education is the most important environmental factor, and there is a significant correlation between close work and myopia., Multi factor factors and genetic factors have limited effect on school myopia, which is only the biological premise in the occurrence and development of myopia, that is, they only provide the possibility of myopia. The environmental conditions determine the reality of myopia, that is, students’ myopia is mainly due to long-term nearsightedness and formed through the role of students’ genetic quality., The refractive state of
eyes depends on the relationship between the axial length of the eyeball and the refractive power in the refractive system. The components that determine the refractive power include cornea, anterior and posterior aqueous humor, lens and vitreous body. However, the following three factors have an important impact on ametropia.
genetic factors
it is generally believed that hyperopia is mainly due to genetic or genetic reasons, and the proportion of external environmental factors is very small. Heredity plays a very important role in the development of myopia. However, whether it is dominant inheritance or invisible inheritance, single gene inheritance, haihuasi polygenic inheritance, whether it affects a single refractive component or the interaction of various refractive components, and the exact mechanism is still being explored. Human eye heredity has the following characteristics: 1. Different refractive states have different heredity: for example, the heredity of hyperopia and astigmatism is obvious, while the formation and development of myopia are affected by many factors; 2. The heritability of each part of human eye is different: the heritability of axial length, corneal curvature and posterior surface curvature of lens is large, but the thickness and anterior surface curvature of lens have little relationship with heredity.
environmental factors
in the growth process, the incidence of myopia affected by the environment far exceeds the possible incidence according to various refractive components. Therefore, environmental factors are a clinical topic worthy of study. Education is the most important environmental factor, and there is a significant correlation between close work and myopia.
multifactorial factors
genetic factors have limited effect on school myopia. They are only the biological premise in the occurrence and development of myopia, that is, they only provide the possibility of myopia. The environmental conditions determine the reality of myopia, that is, students’ myopia is mainly due to long-term nearsightedness and formed through the role of students’ genetic quality.