Abstract: This paper briefly describes the understanding of traditional Chinese medicine on myopia, and makes dialectical thinking on the formation factors of juvenile simple myopia by using traditional Chinese medicine thinking; It is suggested that the local environment of simple myopia is caused by “surplus Yin and hyperactivity of Yang”, and the research methods of prevention and treatment of myopia are discussed., Epidemiological survey shows that over 300 million people have myopia in China, and the incidence rate of juvenile myopia is second in the world. According to statistics of Beijing Tongren Hospital, the number of young people who have optometry and optometry is more than 100 thousand per year. Modern medicine has made extensive and in-depth research on the causes of myopia, and has made continuous progress in epidemiology, genetics and molecular biology. However, the understanding of myopia in traditional Chinese medicine is still limited to some ancient views. On the basis of experimental research, the author uses the holistic view and dialectical thinking method of traditional Chinese medicine to think and explore the causes, prevention and treatment of juvenile myopia., Ancient Chinese medicine had a long understanding of myopia. Traditional Chinese medicine had a long understanding of myopia characterized by good eye appearance, clear near vision and blurred far vision. It was first seen in Chaoyuan Fang’s theory of various diseases in the Sui Dynasty that “eyes can’t be far sighted”, Wang KENTANG’s criterion of syndrome and treatment in the Ming Dynasty called “can be near and afraid of far syndrome”, and Fu Renyu’s review of Yao letter called “near vision” and “can be near and afraid of far syndrome”, It was not until the Dacheng of Mu Jing in the Qing Dynasty that it was called “myopia”. To sum up, traditional Chinese medicine has the following theories about the pathogenesis of myopia: first, long-term vision hurts the eyes, lack of liver blood and myopia. The liver stores blood and opens the eyes. Long term vision is tiring and excessive use of the eyes will lead to dark consumption of real blood and damage to the eyesight. “Qianjin recipe” says that “those who suffer from excessive eye problems such as reading and game are called liver labor.” Liver fatigue usually refers to visual fatigue. In the Sui Dynasty, Chao Yuan Fang’s theory of diseases and sources said: “the eye can not be far sighted, but the eye is the essence of the liver. If it hurts the Zang Fu organs, the liver Qi is not enough, and the wind is evil, it will weaken the essence, so it can not be far sighted.” “Silver Sea essence” of Song Dynasty said: “ask: can you be short-sighted or far sighted? Answer: blood deficiency and Qi deficiency.”., Second, lack of talent, congenital lack and myopia. “Look at Yao Han” says that “the gift generates a close look”. Congenital myopia is caused by the lack of congenital endowment and the lack of liver, gallbladder, kidney water and heart Yang in one or more aspects., Third, the imbalance between yin and Yang, Guanghua can not be more and myopia. Fu Renyu of the Ming Dynasty pointed out in his book “examining the letter of Yao” that “if the heart and kidney are flat, the water and fire will be adjusted, and if the Yin and yang are harmonious, they will be used far and near, and each has its own advantages”, “if the eyes are suddenly suffering from myopia but not hyperopia, the Yang is less than Yin, and the disease is less than fire, so the brilliance can not go far and converge the myopia ear.” “It is difficult to know” says that “the eyes can be short-sighted, know that they have water, can not be far sighted, blame them for not having fire. The method should be mended”. The Golden Book of medical school says that “myopia is clear and bright, hyperopia is dim, and insufficient sunlight is invaded by Yin”., It can be seen from the above that the theory of “deficiency of Yang and surplus of Yin” is recognized by many doctors. According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, fire is restless and divergent, water is quiet and closed, divine light shines far, divine water converges and shortsighted, yin and Yang receive and send, one far and one near, which is opposite to each other. The heart is hidden in God, used in the eye, the eye in the eye, and the five elements in the viscera. In terms of treatment, ancient doctors considered the relationship between yin and Yang, Zang Fu organs and gods, and their famous prescription Dingzhi pill., Considering the adolescent myopia,
epidemiological survey shows that over 300 million people have myopia in China, and the incidence rate of myopia in the world is second. According to Beijing Tongren Hospital statistics, the number of young people who have myopia optometry is over 100 thousand each year. Modern medicine has made extensive and in-depth research on the causes of myopia, and has made continuous progress in epidemiology, genetics and molecular biology. However, the understanding of myopia in traditional Chinese medicine is still limited to some ancient views. On the basis of experimental research, the author uses the holistic view of traditional Chinese medicine and dialectical thinking method to think and explore the causes, prevention and treatment of juvenile myopia.
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ancient Chinese medicine’s understanding of myopia
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traditional Chinese medicine had a very early understanding of myopia characterized by good eye appearance, clear near vision and blurred far vision. It was first seen in Chaoyuan Fang’s “theory of the sources of various diseases” in the Sui Dynasty, “eyes can’t see far”, and Wang KENTANG’s “criteria for syndrome treatment” in the Ming Dynasty, which was called “the syndrome of being able to be near and afraid of being far away”, Fu Renyu’s “examining Yao’s letter” called “near looking” and “being able to be near and afraid of being far away”. It was not until the Dacheng of Mu Jing in the Qing Dynasty that it was called “myopia”. To sum up, traditional Chinese medicine has the following theories about the pathogenesis of myopia:
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. First, long-term vision hurts the eyes, liver blood deficiency and myopia. The liver stores blood and opens the eyes. Long term vision is tiring and excessive use of the eyes will lead to dark consumption of real blood and damage to the eyesight. “Qianjin recipe” says that “those who suffer from excessive eye problems such as reading and game are called liver labor.” Liver fatigue usually refers to visual fatigue. In the Sui Dynasty, Chao Yuan Fang’s theory of diseases and sources said: “the eye can not be far sighted, but the eye is the essence of the liver. If it hurts the Zang Fu organs, the liver Qi is not enough, and the wind is evil, it will weaken the essence, so it can not be far sighted.” “Silver Sea essence” of the Song Dynasty said: “ask: who can be myopia or hyperopia? Answer: blood deficiency and Qi Deficiency”.
second, lack of talent, congenital lack and myopia. “Look at Yao Han” says that “talent is generated by close looking”. Congenital myopia is caused by the lack of congenital talent and the lack of liver, gallbladder, kidney water and heart Yang in one or more aspects.
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third, yin and yang are unbalanced, Guanghua can’t get over and myopia. Fu Renyu of the Ming Dynasty pointed out in his book “examining the letter of Yao” that “if the heart and kidney are flat, the water and fire will be adjusted, and if the Yin and yang are harmonious, they will be used far and near, and each has its own advantages”, “if the eyes are suddenly suffering from myopia but not hyperopia, the Yang is less than Yin, and the disease is less than fire, so the brilliance can not go far and converge the myopia ear.” “It is difficult to know” says that “the eyes can be short-sighted, know that they have water, can not be far sighted, blame them for not having fire. The method should be mended”. The Golden Book of medical school says that “myopia is clear and bright, hyperopia is dim, and insufficient sunlight is invaded by Yin”.
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can be seen from the above. The theory of “deficiency of Yang and surplus of Yin” has been recognized by many doctors. According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, fire is restless and divergent, water is quiet and closed, divine light shines far, divine water converges and shortsighted, yin and Yang receive and send, one far and one near, which is opposite to each other. The heart is hidden in God, used in the eye, the eye in the eye, and the five elements in the viscera. In terms of treatment, ancient doctors considered the relationship between yin and Yang, Zang Fu organs and gods, and their famous prescription Dingzhi pill.
Reflections on simple myopia in adolescents
“kdsp”s “The research on myopia in modern medicine has a history of 200 years. Its research scope is very wide, ranging from macro research such as diet, environment, race and living habits to micro research such as physiological anatomy, local blood supply, trace elements and local regulation, as well as current ultra micro research such as gene locus and molecular biology, involving neurogenetic factors, environmental factors and nutritional factors And autonomic nervous system, immune system, endocrine system, etc. Various studies make people’s understanding of myopia more and more blurred. Modern Chinese medicine is also stuck by a large number of specific and extensive empirical research results, and has lost the ability to recognize the syndrome differentiation of simple myopia.
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are restricted by historical conditions. China lacks visual acuity standards and optometry means in the Tang, song, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, Most of the “near eye gaze” or “fear of being near and far” observed by previous doctors describe high myopia (i.e. pathological myopia), while “deficiency of heart Yang, Qi deficiency and mental injury” or “deficiency of liver and kidney, deficiency of essence and blood” It should be that there is a biased pathological mechanism of yin and Yang in high myopia. Yin Qi is too abundant, heart Yang is insufficient, and Yang Qi can’t go beyond the outside, so it can’t be hyperopia. Yin blood is insufficient, Yang has no source of hair, so it can not be hyperopia; The prescription “Dingzhi pill” and “Zhujing pill” should be designed for high myopia. With the development of society and the change of modern life style, the incidence rate of
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is increasing. The incidence of simple myopia in adolescents is higher. What is the TCM pathogenesis of juvenile simple myopia? It is worth exploring how to think dialectically about the myopia of teenagers in the growth and development period according to the thinking of traditional Chinese medicine.
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traditional Chinese medicine believe that children are the body of “childish Yin and childish Yang”, and their physiological state is “Yang is often surplus and Yin is often insufficient”. Therefore, they are lively and hyperactive, climb high and look far, which is conducive to the normal development of body and visual function.
with the change of modern life style, there are fewer and fewer activities of human body and more and more ideological activities. Children living in modern society have fewer and fewer opportunities to play naturally, and the activity space is narrower and narrower. However, there are more and more opportunities to use their eyes at close distance, such as reading, literacy, playing the piano, painting, television, computer, games and all kinds of handicrafts, All of them use their eyes in a narrow environment, and the load of the eyes greatly exceeds that of other organs of the body. Therefore, the living state of modern children is an unnatural state.
the Yellow Emperor’s Canon of internal medicine says that “the body is Yin and the use is Yang”. The body in the body refers to the tangible organs and refers to the functional state of the organs. As far as the eyes are concerned, the body refers to the eyeball entity and refers to the visual function. Myopia is characterized by the enlargement of eyeball and the increase of ocular axis, which is the increase of body, which is the expression of “Yin surplus”; The decline of vision and visual function is the lack of use and the decline of Yang. On the surface, the state of myopia is in line with the understanding of ancient doctors that “Yin is surplus and Yang is insufficient”, but it is not consistent with the above understanding from the analysis of the development process of simple myopia in modern teenagers.
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modern teenagers’ body development is in the state of over nutrition. Under the external stimulation of “close overuse”, the growth of eyeball body is in the state of “excitement”, while the development of visual function is in the state of lag due to the lack of external long-distance stimulation. For the “hyperactive weakness” of juvenile myopia, the author believes that the mechanism is “surplus Yin, deficiency and hyperactivity of Yang”.
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in addition, traditional Chinese medicine believes that “movement generates Yang and silence generates Yin”. The body and eyes of children who lack outdoor activities are in a state of “surplus Yin”. Due to excessive nutrition and eye use, the physical development and eye development of modern teenagers are in a state of “Yang deficiency and hyperactivity”. The formation mechanism of “surplus Yin and hyperactivity of Yang Deficiency” is similar to Li Dongyuan’s theory of “Qi deficiency generating heat”. Fatigue and Qi deficiency generate heat, and Qi deficiency and Yang generate cold.
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in view of the above thinking, the author believes that “Yin surplus and yang deficiency” is the formation mechanism of high myopia, and “Yin surplus and yang deficiency and hyperactivity” is the formation mechanism of simple myopia in adolescents. The etiology and pathogenesis of the two are both different and similar.
“taking analogy” is a method of understanding diseases in traditional Chinese medicine. The author believes that juvenile myopia is local to the eyes. The eyes are like trees in the tropics. Although they grow vigorously, they are fragile and untrue. This phenomenon can also be seen in patients taking hormones in clinic. It is a manifestation of puffiness and weakness. Therefore, in the future research on the prevention and treatment of juvenile myopia by traditional Chinese medicine, it can be envisaged to create an internal environment suitable for eye growth and development by adjusting Yin and Yang, so as to prevent or curb the occurrence and development of myopia.
the author thinks of the trees growing in the sunny environment in the cold areas of nature. These trees have the qualities of slow growth, solid texture, tall and durable. These qualities are what the eyeball should have for growth and development. The author considers whether it can provide such an internal environment for the eyes – a cold, solid and Yang rich internal environment, so that the eyes can grow and develop normally in the “Yin Ping Yang secret” environment.
a large number of modern medical studies have confirmed that there is a growth regulation mechanism in the eye. At present, a variety of neurotransmitters and bioactive substances are known to participate in the regulation of postnatal eye growth. Under the local retinal regulation, the retina can send growth signals to lower tissues, resulting in axial elongation and myopia. The research on “syndrome” in modern Chinese medicine has also gone deep into the level of molecular biology. Some scholars put forward the theory of “gene syndrome differentiation”, It is considered that the basic pathogenesis of TCM syndrome is the result of cytokine network disorder caused by abnormal regulation of cytokine (Group) gene expression.
Human life activities are very complex, including development, differentiation, cell cycle regulation, internal environment stability, response to stimulation, aging, etc. their essence is the result of selective expression of different genes over time and space. Although there are many causes of syndrome, these different pathogenic factors lead to the occurrence of syndrome, which is ultimately the result of abnormal regulation of cytokine gene expression and disorder of cytokine network. The occurrence and development of
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myopia are internal and external comprehensive factorsUnder the stimulation of, the local regulation mechanism of the eye appears abnormal. The advantage of traditional Chinese medicine in adjusting the balance of yin and Yang should play a role in combination with modern medical research. Under the guidance of the macro theory of traditional Chinese medicine, combined with the Micro syndrome differentiation of the local environment of myopia, and using the research methods of molecular biology, we can explore the research ways to prevent or inhibit the occurrence and development of myopia through the intervention of traditional Chinese medicine in the local myopia growth regulation mechanism of the eye.